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New NCERT textbook · Class 4 Maths

Maths Mela, period by period — fitted to your timetable.

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Chapter 7 · Period 1 of 13 · 40 min

Market Maths: Costs, Combinations, and Change

Lesson

A common error is treating the price list as per-item rather than per-kilogram; draw attention to the unit of sale before children begin computing costs. When checking combinations for ₹163, encourage children to record their working systematically so they can confirm no combination is counted twice. The currency-option task sharpens understanding of how notes and coins compose a total.

0–8Introduce the Mawlynnong market scene using the price list on p.97. Children read the prices aloud and handle play-money notes to build familiarity with the denominations. Pose: 'If you buy 2 kg of oranges and 1 kg of tomatoes, what do you pay?' Let pairs compute and share.
8–25Let Us Do, p.97 ("find costs and combinations that sum to ₹163...."). Children work in pairs, listing different fruit-vegetable combinations from the price list that together cost exactly ₹163. Emphasise that more than one answer is valid; pairs compare combinations with a neighbouring pair.
25–37Let Us Do, p.98 ("which currency options can be used to pay ₹165...."). Children examine the five currency-combination options for buying 3 kg of bananas. They check each option by totalling the coins/notes shown and deciding if the total meets or exceeds ₹165. Groups share reasoning.
37–40Quick class discussion: 'Which combinations worked and why? What made some options impossible?' Assign the Cost–Paid–Balance grid task on p.98 as home practice.

Homework

Complete 9 Cost–Paid–Balance grids by finding the missing value in each row. (**Let Us Do, p.98**)

Assessment

Let Us Do, p.97 — Find costs for different quantities of fruits/vegetables; find what combinations sum to ₹163 (more than one possibility).

Apples cost ₹40 per kg and mangoes cost ₹60 per kg. Priya's mother wants to spend exactly ₹200. Which combination could she buy?

  • A 1 kg apples and 3 kg mangoes
  • B 2 kg apples and 2 kg mangoes
  • C 3 kg apples and 1 kg mangoes
  • D 4 kg apples and 1 kg mangoes

B. 2 kg apples and 2 kg mangoes

What each wrong option reveals

  • A Child computed 1×40+3×60 = 40+180 = ₹220, exceeding the target — did not verify equality.
  • C Child computed 3×40+1×60 = 120+60 = ₹180, not ₹200 — did not check the target sum.
  • D Child computed 4×40+1×60 = 160+60 = ₹220, exceeding the target — confused 'at most' with 'exactly'.
Chapter 7 · 13 periods of 40 min

Also saved as 8 periods or 11 periods.

  • 2Change and Combinations: Puzzles with Numbers 1–6
    Lesson
  • 3Triangle Target 10, Then Blocks That Carry
    Lesson
  • 4Column Addition: From Estimate to Algorithm
    Lesson
  • 5Breaking Tens: Subtraction with Regrouping
    Lesson
  • 6Regrouping Across Columns: Practice and Consolidation
    Lesson
  • 7Library Books: Multi-Step Word Problems
    Lesson
  • 8Train Journey: Tracking Passengers Across Stations
    Lesson
  • 9Quick Strategies, Column Drill, and Your Own Problems
    Lesson
  • 10Number Pair Hunt: Greatest and Smallest Sums and Differences
    Lesson
  • 11Full Algorithm Drill: Addition and Subtraction Fluency
    Lesson
  • 12Smallest Sums, Smallest Differences, and Error Review
    Lesson
  • 13The Cleanest Village: A Whole-Chapter Journey
    Lesson

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